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the snake

Толкование Перевод

1 ὄφις

ὄφις, εως, ὁ (Hom.+; SIG 1168, 113 of the snake that functioned in healings in the temple of Asclepius at Epidaurus; PGM 8, 11; 13, 261; 881; LXX; pseudepigr., Philo; Jos., Bell. 5, 108, Ant. 1, 41; 2, 287; Just.; Ath. 1, 1) ‘snake, serpent’

① a limbless reptile, snake, serpent Mt 7:10 (s. BHjerl-Hansen, RB 55, ’48, 195–98); Mk 16:18; Lk 11:11; 1 Cor 10:9 (Diod S 5, 58, 4 ὑπὸ τῶν ὄφεων διαφθαρῆναι); Rv 9:19 (cp. Achilles Tat. 1, 3, 4 ὄφεις αἱ κόμαι). ὄφεις καὶ σκορπίοι (Procop. Soph., Ep. 136; Sb 6584, 6; Cat. Cod. Astr. VII 177, 21; Dt 8:15; Philo, Praem. 90) Lk 10:19 (cp. Dt 8:15; Ps 90:13 on protection fr. snakes). Symbol of cleverness (cp. Gen 3:1; symbol of another kind Hyperides, Fgm. 80) Mt 10:16; IPol 2:2. Of the brass serpent in the desert (Num 21:6–9; Wsd 16:5f) χαλκοῦς ὀφ. (Num 21:9; cp. 4 Km 18:4; Just., D. 94, 3) 12:6. This serpent, raised aloft, as a type of Jesus J 3:14; 12:5–7 (a typological evaluation of Num 21:6–9 also in Philo, Leg. All. 2, 77ff, Agr. 95; Just., D. 91, 4 al.—Appian, Mithrid. 77 §335 tells of a χαλκοῦς ὄφις in memory of Philoctetes; Diod S 2, 9, 5 of ὄφεις ἀργυροί on the temple of Zeus in Babylon).

② a person perceived as dangerous, snake fig. ext. of 1 (cp. SibOr 5:29 of Nero) ὄφεις γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν you snakes, you brood of vipers Mt 23:33.

③ a symbolic figure, frequent in mythology, serpent (Apollon. Rhod. 4, 128 the serpent guarding the golden fleece; 4, 1434 the Lernaean Hydra; PGM 4, 1638 the sun-god as ὁ μέγας ὄφις.—WGrafBaudissin, Studien zur semitischen Religionsgesch. I 1876, 257ff, RE V 1898, 3ff; XVII 1906, 580ff; HGunkel, Schöpfung u. Chaos 1895, 29ff; 320ff; JFrazer, The Golden Bough³ IV 1, 1919, 80ff; Pauly-W. 2nd series II/1, 508f; EKüster, D. Schlange in der griech. Kunst u. Religion 1913; EUl-back, The Serpent in Myth and Scripture: BS 90, ’33, 449–55), as a designation for the devil (s. δράκων) serpent Rv 12:14f; Dg 12:3, 6, 8 (here in vs. 6 the serpent of Paradise is clearly the devil; Did., Gen. 96, 18). ἦλθεν ὁ ὄφ. … καὶ ἐμίανεν αὐτήν the devil came and defiled (Eve) GJs 13:1. τοῦ ὄφεως πίστιν ἔχουσιν they (the Gnostics) have the faith of a snake AcPlCor 2:20. ὁ ὄφ. ὁ ἀρχαῖος (s. ἀρχαῖος 1) Rv 12:9; 20:2. In speaking of the serpent that seduced Eve, Paul evidently has the devil in mind 2 Cor 11:3 (Just., A I, 28, 1 al.; cp. 4 Macc 18:8; ApcMos 17.—Ltzm. and Windisch on 2 Cor 11:3; Dibelius, Geisterwelt 50f; SReinach, La Femme et la Serpent: L’Anthropologie 35, 1905, 178ff).—B. 194. BHHW III 1699–1701. Kl. Pauly VI 12–17. DELG. M-M. TW.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ὄφις
2 μόλουρος

μόλουρος

Grammatical information: ?

Meaning: unidentified snake (Nic. Thér. 491)

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: One assumes that from this word is derived a word for a locust (?), μολουρίς, - ίδος (Nic. Thér. 416). Gow and Scholfield think that it is the snake μόλουρος, but Gil, Nombres de insectos 52 translates `locust'. Hesychius has μολοῦρις αἰδοῖον κολοβη λόγχη η μόλις οὐρῶν, and μολουρίδες βατραχίδες καὶ τῶν σταχύων τὰ γόνατα; Suidas has μολουρίς, μολουρίδες μολυρίδας τὰς ἀκρίδας φασί. No etymology.

Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μόλουρος
3 ἕρπω

ἕρπω

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `crawl, slink, go on all four', Dor. also `go' in gen. (Il.).

Other forms: Aor. ἑρπύσαι (Att.; cf. ἑρπύζω below), ἕρψαι (LXX), fut. ἕρψω, also ἑρπύσω, Dor. ἑρψῶ,

Compounds: very often with prefix, e. g. ἀν-, εἰσ-, ἐξ-, ἐφ-, προσ-. As 1. member in ἑρπ-άκανθα = ἄκανθος (Ps.-Dsc.).

Derivatives: εΏρπετόν n. `animal that goes, crawls on all fours' as opposed to birds ( πετεινά) and men (Ion.-Att., δ 418; Aeol. ὄρπετον with zero grade, cf. below; on the formation Schwyzer 502, Chantraine Formation 299); ἕρπης, - ητος m. `shingles(?)' (Hp.; Schwyzer 499, Chantraine 267), ἑρπήν, - ῆνος m. `id.' (Ph.; after λειχήν a. o.; also ἑρπήνη EM) with ἑρπηνώδης (Ph.); ἕρπηλα a shell-fish (Ath.; form uncertain); ἑρπηδών, - όνος f. `crawling' (Nic.; Chantraine 360f.); ἑρπηστής `crawling animals' (Nic., AP; rare like τευχηστής a. o.; Chantraine 317); - ἕρπυλλος m. f. `tufted thyme' (Com.; after it Lat. serpullum) with ἑρπύλλ-ιον, - άριον `id.' and ἑρπυλλίς `grasshopper' (H.; cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 17); uncertain ἑρπυξή (Dsc. 3, 69; after πύξος?; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 111). - ἕρψις `crawling' (Pl., Arist.). - An expressive enlargement is ἑρπύζω `crawl' (Il.; cf. Schwyzer 736, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 336), to which belongs the Attic aorist ἑρπύσαι (after ἐρύσαι, ἑλκύσαι?); from there ἑρπυστικός (Hp., Arist.) and rare and late ἕρπυσις, - υσμός, - υστήρ, - υστής, - υστάζω. - On ὅρπηξ `sprout, twig' s. v.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [912] * serp- `crawl'

Etymology: ἕρπω is identical with Skt. sárpati `id.', Lat. serpō `id.'. The zero grade in Aeol. ὄρπετον also in the Skt. thematic root aorist á-sr̥p-at. Several languages have derived indications of the snake: Skt. sarpá- m., Lat. serpens, Alb. gjarpër. - On meaning and spread of ἕρπω Bloch Suppl. Verba 71ff. Details in W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. serpō.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἕρπω
4 προσμάσσω

προσμάσσω,

A knead or plaster one thing against another: apply, attach closely to, χείλεσι χείλη Theoc.12.32
; σικύην τύψει the cuppinginstrument to the snake-bite, Nic.Th. 922; π. τὸν Πειραιᾶ [τῇ πόλει] Ar.Eq. 815:—[tense] aor. [voice] Med., τηλέφιλον ποτεμάξατο ([dialect] Dor.) stuck to [the arm], Theoc.3.29:—[voice] Pass., πλευραῖσι προσμαχθέν stuck close to his sides, of the poisoned robe, S.Tr. 1053, cf. Lyc.1029; κηλῖδα προσμεμάχθαι τῇ ψυχῇ Philostr.VA3.42
.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προσμάσσω
5 ἀσπίς 2

ἀσπίς, 2. - ίδος

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: name of the Egyptian cobra, `Coluber haie' (Hdt.).

Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]

Etymology: May be = 1. ἀσπίς because of the shield formed by his neck when the snake attacks, rather than a loan.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀσπίς 2
6 σύργαστρος

σύργαστρος

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: meaning unclear (Alciphr.; v.l. dat. sg. - ορι), poet. des. of the snake (AP 15, 26 = Dosiad. Ara), so here understood as την γαστέρα σύρων `trailing the belly'. By EM, Phot. and H. (wo has συργάστωρ) as `swineherd' explained, to which in EM a. Phot. still = ἐργάτης; by H. called ὄνομα βαρβαρικόν.

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Radermacher Festschr. Kretschmer 160 ff. reminds of Ζεὺς Συργάστης in Bithynia and seeks the origin in a foreign slave-name, that was reinterpreted as appellative.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σύργαστρος
7 καταράομαι

καταράομαι mid. dep.; 1 aor. κατηρασάμην. Pass.: aor. 3 sg. κατηράθη (Just., D. 111, 2), opt. 3 sg. καταραθείη Job 3:6 and 24:1; pf. 3 pl. κεκατήρανται Num 22, 6 and 24:9; ptc. κεκατηραμένος or κατηραμένος LXX (s. prec. entry; Hom.+; LXX, En; PsSol 3:9; TestSol 20:6; TestAbr A 14 p. 94, 17 [Stone p. 36]; TestJob 13:5; GrBar 4:8; Philo, Joseph., Just.) to curse, execrate τινά someone (Plut., Cato Min. 774 [32, 4] v.l.; Ps.-Lucian, Asinus 27; Gen 12:3; 27:29 al.; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 103; Test12Patr; Just., D. 139, 1 al.) Mt 5:44 v.l.; Lk 6:28; Js 3:9; 1 Cl 10:3 (Gen 12:3); a tree Mk 11:21. W. dat. τινί (so Hdt. 4, 184; X., An. 7, 7, 48; Diod S 1, 45, 2; 14, 70, 2; EpJer 65; Philo, Fuga 73, Leg. All. 3, 65 τῷ ὄφει [but 75 τὸν ὄφιν]; Jos., Bell. 3, 297, C. Ap. 1, 204; Just., D. 133, 6) curse someone Mt 5:44 D; Lk 6:28 v.l.; D 1:3. Abs. (Aristoph., Vesp. 614; Demosth. 18, 283) curse (w. εὐλογεῖν as Philo, Rer. Div. Her. 177) Ro 12:14; 1 Cl 15:3 (Ps 61:5); (w. ἀρνεῖσθαι and ὀμνύναι) Judaicon 333, 51=GHb 16—Perf. ptc. κατηραμένος w. pass. mng. (Plut., Lucull. 503 [18, 6]; 4 Km 9:34; Wsd 12:11; Just., D. 93, 4) οἱ κατηραμένοι accursed ones Mt 25:41. οἱ κ. ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ (cp. Dt 21:23; Herm. Wr. 2, 17a) 1 Cl 30:8. κατηραμένην…τοῦ ὄφεως πίστιν the cursed faith of (i.e. associated w.) the snake AcPlCor 2:20 (cp. Gen. 3).—Lit. s. on εὐλογέω end; also KLatte, Heil. Recht 1920, 61–96; B. 1481. JPedersen, Der Eid bei den Semiten 1914; s. esp. the curse-laden inscriptions at Kommagene (I B.C.): OGI 383; and FDörner-TGöell, Arsameia am Nymphaios ’63, pp. 40–59 text and tr. (lit.)—DELG s.v. ἀρά. M-M. TW.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > καταράομαι
8 μαιμάω

μαιμάω (redupl., cf. Μάω), [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl. μαιμώωσι, part. μαιμώων, -ώωσα, Hom. (v. infr.); [dialect] Aeol. part. μαιμάεντι· ἐνεργῶς κινουμένῳ, Hsch.: [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor.

A μαίμησα Il.5.670
:—Poet. Verb (Hom. only in Il.), to be very eager, quiver with eagerness, μαίμησε δέ οἱ φίλον ἦτορ Il.l.c.; μαιμώωσι πόδες καὶ χεῖρες 13.75
; περὶ δούρατι χεῖρες ἄαπτοι μαιμῶσιν ib.78; μαιμώων ἔφεπ' ἔγχεϊ 15.742
: metaph., of a spear, αἰχμὴ δὲ διέσσυτο μαιμώωσα 5.661
, cf. 15.542; δεινὸν μαιμώοντα Orac. ap. Hdt. 8.77: c. inf., λὶς μαιμώων χροὸς ἆσαι Theoc.25.253
, cf. Lyc.529, etc.: not common in Trag., μαιμᾷ ὄφις the snake rages, A.Supp. 895 (lyr.): c. gen., χεῖρα μαιμῶσαν φόνου eager for murder, S.Aj.50 (unless φ. goes with ἐπέσχε) ; μαιμώωσαι ἐδητύος A.R.2.269
: in late Prose, μαιμῶσα ἐπιθυμία Ph.1.305
, cf. 1.391 (ap.POxy. 1173):—[voice] Pass., ἐς σίδηρον θύρσοι μαιμώοντο, prob. rushed into, were suddenly changed into, iron, D.P.1156.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μαιμάω
9 ἐλέχει

ἐλέχει· ψηλαφᾶ, Hsch. [full] ἐλεών· θάμνος, Id.

II the snake called σκυτάλη, Id.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐλέχει
10 ὄφις

ὄφις, - ιος, - εος, - εως

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `snake' (Μ 208).

Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in ὀφι-οῦχος m. constellation, `snake-holder', Lat. Angui- tenens (Eudox., Arat.; Scherer Gestirnnamen 184 f.).

Derivatives: ὀφ-ίδιον (ι und ῑ) n. dimin. (Att. inscr., Arist.); - ίασις f. (: *ὀφιάω) "snake-disease", name of a disease of the skin (Gal.); - ιώδης `rich of snakes, snaky' (Pi., Arist.); - ιόεις `rich of snakes' (Antim.), Όφιοῦς m. rivN, Όφιοῦσσα f. name of several islands (Antim., Arist.; Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 2, 233 f., 3,161), of a plant (Plin.); - ιακός `belonging to snakes', τὰ ὀφιακά booktitle (sch. Nic.); -ῑόνεος `snaky' (Opp.), \< *-ι-ίνεος differentiated? (Schwyzer 491 n.1; cf. Kretschmer Glotta 11, 228 w. lit.); - ίτης ( λίθος) m., - ιῆτις πέτρη f. `serpentine' (Orph. L.; because of the colour, Redard 59), `erysipelas' (Gal.; Redard 104).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [not; -cf. 44] * h₃egʷʰi- `snake'

Etymology: Prob. identical with Skt. áhi-, Av. aži- m. `snake': IE *ógʷhi-s; beside ich with e-ablaut Arm. iž, instr. -iw `id.' (with lengthening before the palatalized (before i) velar). The lengthning of the ὀ- in Μ 208 (after which Hippon. 49, 6 a.o.) is metr. condit.; s. Masson on Hippon. l.c. -- Diff. Specht KZ 64, 13 and Schwyzer 302. Cf. on ἔχις and ἔγχελυς w. lit.; also WP. 1, 63 ff. and Mayrhofer s. áhiḥ. Further hypothetical assumptions on very old crosses in Porzig Gliederung 202.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὄφις
11 ἐχῖνος

ἐχῖνος

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `hedgehog', also `sea-urchin', and metaph. as techn. term in several professions, e. g. `vessel', esp. `vessel to keep juridical documents', `the third stomach of ruminants', `the rounded part of the Dorian capital' (Ion.-Att.).

Dialectal forms: Myc. ekino \/Ekhīnos\/.

Compounds: As 1. member in ἐχινομήτρα `the greatest kind of see-urchin, Echinus melo' (Arist.; cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 23).

Derivatives: Dimin.: ἐχινίς `vessel' (Hp.), - ίσκος `id.', also `hollow of the ear' (Poll.); ἐχίνιον plant-name (Dsc.); ἐχινέα, -ῆ `hedgehog-skin' (Hdn.), also vessel (Delos III^a); ἐχινέες m. pl. a kind of Libyan spinous mouse (Hdt.); Έχῖναι or - άδες f. pl. name of a group of islands in the Ionian Sea (Β 635); - ἐχινώδης `rugged' (Arist., Str.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [292] *h₁eǵʰi- `hedgehog'

Etymology: Prob. from ἔχις `snake' with suffixal -ῑνο- (i.e. - iHno-) (Chantraine Formation 204, Schwyzer 191 w. n. 2), so prop. "snake-animal" = "snake-eater" (Schulze in Lohmann Gnomon 11, 407) as tabu-word for χήρ (s. v.). An n-suffix also in the ablauting Arm. ozni `hedgehog' (IE *oǵh-ī̆n-i̯o-, evtl. -ē̆n-i̯o-); beside it with -l- Germ., e. g. OHG igil \< PGm. * eʒīla-. Balto-Slavic has a i̯o-deriv., e. g. Lit. ežỹs, Skr.-Csl. ježь, IE *eǵhi̯o-. Uncertain remains the interpretation of Phryg. εξις (= εζις?). - Litt. in Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. 1, 392, e. g. Specht KZ 66, 56f., Ursprung 39; Pok. 292; older litt. in Bq.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐχῖνος
12 ἔχις

ἔχις, - εως of toch PG [Pre-Greek]?

Grammatical information: m. (f.)

Meaning: `viper' (Att.).

Derivatives: Dimin. ἐχίδιον (Arist.) and the plant-name ἔχιον (Dsc.; because of the resemblance of the fruit with the head of a snake, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 54), ἐχίειον (Nic.); further ἐχιῆες pl. = ἔχεις (Nic. Th. 133, only metrical variant?; cf. also Boßhardt 148); ἐχῖτις f. name of a stone (Plin., after the colour; cf. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 54). - Fem. ἔχιδνᾰ `viper' (Ion.-Att., Hes. Th. 297), mostly thought to be a ια-deriv. from *ἐχιδνός (Schwyzer 475; see Specht Ursprung 229 and 377), with ἐχιδν-αῖος and - ήεις (hell.); this is not very probable, however; - δνα is a typical Pre-Greek suffix; it must have been a loan from Pre-Greek.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [292] *h₁eǵhi- `snake' (sic; wrong Pok.)

Etymology: If the interpretation of ἐχῖνος is correct, ἔχις must have a palatal ǵh. The comparable words for `snake', Skt. áhi- = Av. aži- like Arm. iž, nust then be connected with ὄφις. Also Welsh euod `Schafwürmer', euon `Pferdewurmer' may belong to ὄφις (Pedersen Vergl. Gramm. 1, 99, Lewis-Pedersen 29, Pok. 44. - Cf. also ἔγχελυς.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔχις
13 μῦς

μῦς, μυός

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `mous, rat' (IA. etc.), metaph. of sea-animals `mussel, kind of whale etc.' (A. Fr. 34 [= 59 Mette]; details in Thompson Fishes s.v., on the motive for the name Strömberg Fischnamen 109 f.); `muscle' (Hp., Arist.; cf. below).

Other forms: μῦν (analog., s.bel.)

Compounds: Compp., e.g. μυ-γαλῆ (- έη) f. `shrew-mouse' (Hdt., com., Arist.), μυο-θήρας m. `mouse-catching snake' (Arist., Sch.) from where NGr. μεθήρα f. `snake' (Georgacas Μνήμης χάριν 1, 120ff.), ἄ-μυος `without muscle' (Hp.), also μυσ-κέλενδρα n. pl. `mouse-dung' (Dsc., Moer., Poll., H.); for the 2. member cf. Lat. mūs-cerda `id.', but in detail unclear (Schwyzer 533, Schulze Kl. Schr. 394, Specht Ursprung 172).

Derivatives: 1. Diminut.: μυΐδιον (Arr., M. Ant.), also μύδιον `small boat' (D. S.), `small forceps' (medic.); μυΐσκη, - ος `small sea-mussel' (hell.). -- 2. μύαξ, - ᾰκος -n. `sea-mussel' (Dsc., medic.) with μυάκιον (Aët.). -- 3. μυών, - ῶνος m. `muscleballs, -knot' (P 315 a. 324, A. R., Theoc.; Schwyzer 488, Chantraine Form. 162). -- 4. μυωνία (rather - ιά) f. prop. `mouse-hole', `vulva' as term of abuse for a lewd wife (Epicr. 9, 4), directly from μῦς like ἰ-ωνιά from ἴον (s.v.) a.o.; more in Scheller Oxytonierung 45 f., 70 f. -- 5. Adj. μυώδης `muscular' D. S., Plu.), also `mouse-like' (Plu.); μύειος `belonging to the mouse' (An. Ox.), μύϊνος `with the colour of a mouse' (EM, Phot.). -- 6. μυω-τός adjunct of χιτών ('mouse-coloured', `of mouse-skin'?; Poll.); name of a arrow-point (Paul. Aeg.), also `with muscles' (Clearch.), with μυόομαι, - όω `be, become muscular; make' (medic.). -- On μυελός s. v. On several plant names s. Amigues, RPh. LXXIV, 2000, 273f.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [752] * muHs `mouse'

Etymology: Old IE name of the mouse, in several languages retained: Lat. mūs, mūr-is, Germ., e.g. OHG mūs, Skt. mū́ṣ- etc.; Gr. acc. μῦ-ν is therefore secondary for *μῦ(σ)α (to μῡ(σ)-ός etc.) after ὗν (: ὗς, ὑ-ός) a.o. On the accent in μῦς Berger Münch. Stud. 3, 7. The vowellength was caused by a laryngeal (wrong Schwyzer 350), for which there are two indications; the accent of SCr. mȉš ; Toch. B maścitse `mous', with mas- \< * mwa- \<* muHs-. An old form with short vowel is - wrongly - supposed in Skt. muṣ-ká- m. `testis', cf. 2. μόσχος. -- The metaph. meaning `muscle' (after the mouse-like movement of certain muscles under the skin) can be observed more often, except in Greek and Germ. (OHG a. OE, where esp. `muscle of the upper arm') also in Lat. mūs-culus `small mouse, Muskel', Arm. mu-kn `mouse, muscle'. -- Quite hypothetic is the derivation from the verb, only in Skt., for `steal' muṣ- (pres. mus-ṇā-ti, móṣati), thus a.o. Thieme Die Heimat d. idg. Gemeinspr. 36.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μῦς
14 μυός

μῦς, μυός

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `mous, rat' (IA. etc.), metaph. of sea-animals `mussel, kind of whale etc.' (A. Fr. 34 [= 59 Mette]; details in Thompson Fishes s.v., on the motive for the name Strömberg Fischnamen 109 f.); `muscle' (Hp., Arist.; cf. below).

Other forms: μῦν (analog., s.bel.)

Compounds: Compp., e.g. μυ-γαλῆ (- έη) f. `shrew-mouse' (Hdt., com., Arist.), μυο-θήρας m. `mouse-catching snake' (Arist., Sch.) from where NGr. μεθήρα f. `snake' (Georgacas Μνήμης χάριν 1, 120ff.), ἄ-μυος `without muscle' (Hp.), also μυσ-κέλενδρα n. pl. `mouse-dung' (Dsc., Moer., Poll., H.); for the 2. member cf. Lat. mūs-cerda `id.', but in detail unclear (Schwyzer 533, Schulze Kl. Schr. 394, Specht Ursprung 172).

Derivatives: 1. Diminut.: μυΐδιον (Arr., M. Ant.), also μύδιον `small boat' (D. S.), `small forceps' (medic.); μυΐσκη, - ος `small sea-mussel' (hell.). -- 2. μύαξ, - ᾰκος -n. `sea-mussel' (Dsc., medic.) with μυάκιον (Aët.). -- 3. μυών, - ῶνος m. `muscleballs, -knot' (P 315 a. 324, A. R., Theoc.; Schwyzer 488, Chantraine Form. 162). -- 4. μυωνία (rather - ιά) f. prop. `mouse-hole', `vulva' as term of abuse for a lewd wife (Epicr. 9, 4), directly from μῦς like ἰ-ωνιά from ἴον (s.v.) a.o.; more in Scheller Oxytonierung 45 f., 70 f. -- 5. Adj. μυώδης `muscular' D. S., Plu.), also `mouse-like' (Plu.); μύειος `belonging to the mouse' (An. Ox.), μύϊνος `with the colour of a mouse' (EM, Phot.). -- 6. μυω-τός adjunct of χιτών ('mouse-coloured', `of mouse-skin'?; Poll.); name of a arrow-point (Paul. Aeg.), also `with muscles' (Clearch.), with μυόομαι, - όω `be, become muscular; make' (medic.). -- On μυελός s. v. On several plant names s. Amigues, RPh. LXXIV, 2000, 273f.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [752] * muHs `mouse'

Etymology: Old IE name of the mouse, in several languages retained: Lat. mūs, mūr-is, Germ., e.g. OHG mūs, Skt. mū́ṣ- etc.; Gr. acc. μῦ-ν is therefore secondary for *μῦ(σ)α (to μῡ(σ)-ός etc.) after ὗν (: ὗς, ὑ-ός) a.o. On the accent in μῦς Berger Münch. Stud. 3, 7. The vowellength was caused by a laryngeal (wrong Schwyzer 350), for which there are two indications; the accent of SCr. mȉš ; Toch. B maścitse `mous', with mas- \< * mwa- \<* muHs-. An old form with short vowel is - wrongly - supposed in Skt. muṣ-ká- m. `testis', cf. 2. μόσχος. -- The metaph. meaning `muscle' (after the mouse-like movement of certain muscles under the skin) can be observed more often, except in Greek and Germ. (OHG a. OE, where esp. `muscle of the upper arm') also in Lat. mūs-culus `small mouse, Muskel', Arm. mu-kn `mouse, muscle'. -- Quite hypothetic is the derivation from the verb, only in Skt., for `steal' muṣ- (pres. mus-ṇā-ti, móṣati), thus a.o. Thieme Die Heimat d. idg. Gemeinspr. 36.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μυός
15 δρῦς

δρῦς, δρυός

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `tree', esp. `oak' (Il.).

Dialectal forms: (dial. sometimes also m., s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37 n. 2). Myc. durutomo \/ dru-tomoi\/.

Compounds: See s.v. ἄδρυα, ἁμάδρυα, γεράνδρυον, ἔνδρυον καρδία δένδρου, καὶτὸ μέσαβον H; μελάνδρυα also `slices of tunny'

Derivatives: δρύϊνος `oaken' (Od.), δρυΐνᾱς name of a snake, living in oaks (Nic.); δρυΐτης kind of cypress (Thphr.), name of a precious stone (Plin.; cf. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 71 and 54); Δρυάς `Dryade, tree-nymphe' (Plu.), also name of a snake (Androm. ap. Gal.; cf. δρυΐνας); thematic lengthening in δρύου gen. `bush' ( POxy. 7, 1044, [7]; 8; 12, II-III^p); but the thematic finals in μελάν-δρυ-ον `heart-wood', ἔν-δρυ-ον `oaken peg' (Hes. Op. 469) belong to δόρυ. - Idem for, e. g. δρύ-οχοι m. pl. `ribs of a ship' (Od.; cf. Wackernagel Unt. 186, Hermann Gött. Nachr. 1943, 6f.), δρῠ(ο)-κολάπτης `woodpecker' (Ar.); parallel meanings in Schwentner KZ 73, 112f.; short form (after animal names in - οψ) δρύοψ (Ar. Av. 304); also as PN (Υ 455) and as peoples name, s. v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 52 n. 1. - On δρύφακτοι s. v.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [214] doru, gen. dreus `wood, tree'

Etymology: Apart from the vowel length, which follows from the feminine gender (Wackernagel l. c.), δρῦς is identical with Skt. dru- `wood' e. g. in dru-ṣád- `sitting on wood (on a tree)', su-drú- `of good wood'. Other cognates are: OCS drъva n. pl. `wood', Alb. dru f. (\< *druu̯ā) `wood, tree', Germ., e. g. Goth. triu \< PGm. *treu̯a-, IE *dreu̯-o-. - The feminine δρῦς (after other tree names, cf. Wackernagel Syntax 2, 17) from the oblique case-forms of the word for `wood', Gr. δόρυ, Skt. dā́ru (gen. drú-ṇ-aḥ and dró-h). (Janda Stock und Stein assumes a collective * druh₂- (with -s in the nom.). The meaning `fest, strong', in Greek seen in δροόν ἰσχυρόν (s. v.), is frequent in Germ., e. g. OE trum `fest, strong, healthy' (formally = δρῠμά `wood', Skt. druma- `tree'), Goth. triggws (\< *treu̯u̯a-, IE *dreu(u̯)-o-) `true'. The meaning `wood' is the most frquent, and will be original, s. esp. Osthoff Etym. parerga 1, 169f. Specht KZ.66, 58f., Benveniste Word 10, 257ff. start from an adj. `hard, fest'. - See Lat. dūrus.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δρῦς
16 δρυός

δρῦς, δρυός

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `tree', esp. `oak' (Il.).

Dialectal forms: (dial. sometimes also m., s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37 n. 2). Myc. durutomo \/ dru-tomoi\/.

Compounds: See s.v. ἄδρυα, ἁμάδρυα, γεράνδρυον, ἔνδρυον καρδία δένδρου, καὶτὸ μέσαβον H; μελάνδρυα also `slices of tunny'

Derivatives: δρύϊνος `oaken' (Od.), δρυΐνᾱς name of a snake, living in oaks (Nic.); δρυΐτης kind of cypress (Thphr.), name of a precious stone (Plin.; cf. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 71 and 54); Δρυάς `Dryade, tree-nymphe' (Plu.), also name of a snake (Androm. ap. Gal.; cf. δρυΐνας); thematic lengthening in δρύου gen. `bush' ( POxy. 7, 1044, [7]; 8; 12, II-III^p); but the thematic finals in μελάν-δρυ-ον `heart-wood', ἔν-δρυ-ον `oaken peg' (Hes. Op. 469) belong to δόρυ. - Idem for, e. g. δρύ-οχοι m. pl. `ribs of a ship' (Od.; cf. Wackernagel Unt. 186, Hermann Gött. Nachr. 1943, 6f.), δρῠ(ο)-κολάπτης `woodpecker' (Ar.); parallel meanings in Schwentner KZ 73, 112f.; short form (after animal names in - οψ) δρύοψ (Ar. Av. 304); also as PN (Υ 455) and as peoples name, s. v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 52 n. 1. - On δρύφακτοι s. v.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [214] doru, gen. dreus `wood, tree'

Etymology: Apart from the vowel length, which follows from the feminine gender (Wackernagel l. c.), δρῦς is identical with Skt. dru- `wood' e. g. in dru-ṣád- `sitting on wood (on a tree)', su-drú- `of good wood'. Other cognates are: OCS drъva n. pl. `wood', Alb. dru f. (\< *druu̯ā) `wood, tree', Germ., e. g. Goth. triu \< PGm. *treu̯a-, IE *dreu̯-o-. - The feminine δρῦς (after other tree names, cf. Wackernagel Syntax 2, 17) from the oblique case-forms of the word for `wood', Gr. δόρυ, Skt. dā́ru (gen. drú-ṇ-aḥ and dró-h). (Janda Stock und Stein assumes a collective * druh₂- (with -s in the nom.). The meaning `fest, strong', in Greek seen in δροόν ἰσχυρόν (s. v.), is frequent in Germ., e. g. OE trum `fest, strong, healthy' (formally = δρῠμά `wood', Skt. druma- `tree'), Goth. triggws (\< *treu̯u̯a-, IE *dreu(u̯)-o-) `true'. The meaning `wood' is the most frquent, and will be original, s. esp. Osthoff Etym. parerga 1, 169f. Specht KZ.66, 58f., Benveniste Word 10, 257ff. start from an adj. `hard, fest'. - See Lat. dūrus.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δρυός
17 σύρω

σύρω

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to draw, to trail, to drag, to pull, to ravish, to sweep'(IA.).

Other forms: Aor. σῦραι, pass. σῠρῆναι (late), fut. συρῶ (LXX), perf. σέσυρμαι, - κα (hell. a. late).

Compounds: Very often w. prefix in diff. shades of meaning, e.g. δια- (also `to hackle, to mock'), ἐπι- (also `to be, treat neglectful etc.'), κατα-, παρα-. As 1. member in σύργαστρος (s.v.)?

Derivatives: 1. σύρμα ( ἀπό-, ἐπί-, παρά-, περί-) n. `train-dress, sweepings, dragging movement' (Ion., X., hell. a. late) with συρμα-τῖτις κόπρος `manure-heap consisting of sweepings' (Thphr.; Redard 109), - τικη φωνή `drawn-out accent' (VII^p), - τὶς στρατιά ἡ τὰ συμψήγματα καὶ φρύγανα σύρουσα καὶ συλλέγουσα H. 2. συρμός ( ἐπι-, περι-, ὑπο-) m. `grinding, dragging, pulling movement' (of a wind, a gulf, a meteor, a snake a.o.; Arist. etc), `the vomiting' (Nic.); δια- σύρω `the pulling apart, to bemock' (hell. a. late); from this συρ-μάδες f. pl. `snowdrifts' (late), - μαία, Ion. - μαίη f. `vomitive, radish' (Ion., Ar. etc.), also name of a Lacon. priestrank (inscr., H.), with - μαΐζω `to take a vomitive', -μαϊσμός m. (Hdt., medic.), - μίον λάχανόν τι σελίνῳ ἐοικός H., - μιστήρ ξυλο-πώλης H. 3. συρμή f. `trailing tail of a snake' (sch.). -- 4. σύρ-της m. `towing-rope' (Man., H.), - τῶν gen. pl. (nom. sg. - της or - τός) name of a dance (Akraiphia I^p), διασύρ-της m. `slanderer' (Ptol.), δια-, ἐκ-συρτικός (hell. a. late). 5. ἀνασυρτ-όλις f. `lewd woman' (Hippon.; cf. οἰφόλις and Chantraine Form. 237 f.). 6. Prob. also Σύρτις f. name of a sea-gulf on the northcoast of Africa with sandy shores and dangerous breakers (Hdt. etc.) as "the pulling one" (cf. v. Wilamowitz on Tim. Pers. 99); metaph. `destruction' (Tim. Pers. 99, H.). 7. σύρσις f. ( διά- σύρω) `the drawing of a plough' (late). -- With φ -enlargement: 8. σύρφη φρύγανα H. 9. συρφ-ετός m. `sweepings, filth' (Hes., Call., Plu. a.o.), `rabble' (Pl. a.o.) with - ετώδης `vulgar' (Plb., Luc. a.o.); cf. νιφετός a.o. (Chantraine Form. 300, Schwyzer 501). 10. -ᾱξ m. `rabble' (Ar. V. 673 [anap.], Luc.), popular-hypocoristic formation. -- On σύρφος s. σέρφος. Cf. ἀσυρής.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]

Etymology: Prob. to σαίρω `sweep' (s. v. w. lit.), but without certain cognates outside Greek. With σύρφ-η, - ετός, - αξ one compares a Germ. word for `sweep, turn (sweep turning), wipe off' in Goth. af-, bi-swairban ' εξαλεῖψαι, ἐκμάξαι', OHG swerban `drive quickly to and fro, whirl, wipe off' etc., to which also Celt., e.g. Welsh chwerfu `whirl, turn around' (Persson Stud. 55, WP. 2, 529f., Pok. 1050f. w. lit.). The semant. certainly possible connection presents the same phonetic problem as σέλας, σῦς etc. (s. vv.). In auslaut agrees σύρφη, prob. not accidentally, to the synonymous κάρφη; so formally influenced by it? An old variation bh: m in σύρ-φη: συρ-μός (Specht Ursprung 269) does not help; but it would show Pre-Greek origin -- The connection with σαίρω, both from *tu̯r̥- is hardly convincing.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σύρω
18 θηρίον

θηρίον, ου, τό (Hom.+), in form, but not always in mng., dim. of θήρ.

① any living creature, excluding humans, animal, beast

ⓐ of real animals

α. gener. Hb 12:20. τὰ θ. τῆς γῆς (Gen 1:24, 25, 30) B 6:12; cp. vs. 18; GJs 3:2; τῆς θαλάσσης B 4:5 (Da 7:7). W. adj. θ. ἄγρια (X., An. 1, 2, 7; TestSol 10, 3 C) 1 Cl 56:11 (Job 5:22).

β. of animals of a particular kind.

א. quadrupeds as such (Ps.-Clemens, Hom. 3, 36): Js 3:7; φυλακὴ παντὸς θηρίου ἀκαθάρτου cage for every kind of unclean animal Rv 18:2.

ב. wild animals (Diod S 1, 87, 3; Jos., Bell. 3, 385, Ant. 9, 197) Mk 1:13 (FSpitta, ZNW 5, 1904, 323ff; 8, 1907, 66ff.—Himerius, Or. 39 [=Or. 5], 5: Orpheus in the Thracian mountains, where he has no one to listen to him θηρίων τὴν ἐκκλησίαν ἐργάζεται=forms a community for himself from the wild animals); so perh. Ac 11:6 (s. Hs 9, 26, 1 below).—1689–92.

ג. w. emphasis on aspect of danger: gener. (Antig. Car. 29 [wolf]; Diod S 17, 92, 2 and 3 [lion]; Maximus Tyr. 20, 2b; Jos., Ant. 2, 35) Rv 6:8 (cp. Hdt. 6, 44, 3); IEph 7:1.

ד. a reptile snake (Diod S 20, 42, 2, alternating with ὄφις; Polyaenus 2, 3, 15 with ἔχις; Aretaeus 159, 8 τὸ διὰ τ. θηρίων φάρμακον; 163, 2; Just., A I, 60, 2; Galen IV 779 K.; θήρ=snake: Simias [III B.C.], Coll. Alex. Fgm. 26, 17 p. 119) Ac 28:4f; Hs 9, 26, 7b; so also ibid. 7a and prob. 9, 26, 1 w. ἑρπετά (cp. Ac 11:6; Jos., Ant. 17, 117). Cp. PtK 2 p. 14, 18.

γ. oft. of wild animals in a controlled setting, namely of fighting w. animals in an arena (Diod S 36, 10, 3; Artem. 2, 54; Jos., Bell. 7, 38) IRo 4:1f; 5:2f; ISm 4:2a, b; MPol 3:1; 4; 11:1f; Dg 7:7; Hv 3, 2, 1; AcPl Ha 1, 28; 2, 4; 5, 5 and 9. εἰς τὰ θηρία κατακρίνεσθαι be condemned to fight w. wild animals MPol 2:4. κατέκρινεν αὐτὸν εἰς θηρία AcPl Ha 1, 29.

ⓑ of animal-like beings of a transcendent kind (Paus. 1, 24, 6 griffins; 2, 37, 4 the hydra; cp. Da 7:3ff) B 4:5 (Da 7:7). Of a monstrous dragon (schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 156–66a the guardian of the golden fleece; Damascius, Vi. Isid. 140) Hv 4, 1, 6; 4, 1, 8; 4, 1, 10; 4, 2, 1; 4, 2, 3ff; 4, 3, 1 and 7 (on the monster in H, s. Joly p. 113 n. 2). The ‘beasts’ or ‘animals’ of Rv: 11:7; 13:1ff, 11f, 14f, 17f; 14:9, 11; 15:2; 16:2, 10, 13; 17:3, 7f, 11ff, 16f; 19:19f; 20:4, 10.—Lit. s.v. δράκων. BMurmelstein, StKr 101, 1929, 447–57; RSchütz, D. Offb. d. Joh. u. Kaiser Domitian ’33; PMinear, JBL 72, ’53, 93–101.

② wicked person, someone w. a ‘bestial’ nature, beast, monster, fig. ext. of mng. 1 (Aristoph., Equ. 273, Plutus 439, Nub. 184; Appian [s. θηριομαχέω, end]; Alciphron 2, 17, 4 al.; Achilles Tat. 6, 12, 3; Jos., Bell. 1, 624; 627, Ant. 17, 117 and 120; cp. Vett. Val. 78, 9; BGU 1024 IV, 5ff) Tit 1:12 (Damascius, Vi. Isid. 301 the wife of Isid. is called a κακὸν θ.). θ. ἀνθρωπόμορφα beasts in human form (Philo, Ab. 33) ISm 4:1.—B. 137. DELG s.v. θήρ. 1689–92. M-M. EDNT. TW.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > θηρίον
19 δίψᾰ

δίψᾰ, - ης

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `thirst' (Il.).

Other forms: rarely δίψη (A. Ch. 756), also δίψος n. (Th.; after πνῖγος, ῥῖγος etc.; s. Chantr. Form. 420)

Dialectal forms: Myc. dipisijo, and dipisijewijo (from *διψιευς?)

Compounds: πολυ-δίψιος `very thirsty, caring water', of Argos (Hom.); metrical for *πολύ-διψος.

Derivatives: δίψιος `thirsty, dry' (trag.), διψηρός `id.' (Hp.; after αὑχμηρός), διψώδης `id.' (Hp.), διψαλέος `id.' (hell. and late; after ἀζαλέος etc.), διψάς f. `id.' (Thphr.), also name of a snake, whose bite caused a strong thirst (cf. Chantraine 354f.). - δίψακος m. the name of diabetes (medic.; because of the drinking of the patients, Strömberg Wortstudien 89), also plant name `Dipsacus silvestris' (Dsc., Gal.; see Strömberg Pflanzennamen 78), with διψακερός `thirsty' (EM), acc. to H. = ταλαίπωρος; - διψοσύνη = δίψα (Orac. ap. Porph.). - διψά̄ων Ptz. (λ 584), inf. διψῆν (Hdt.), 3. sg. διψῃ̃ (Pi., Pl.), hell. also διψᾶν, -ᾳ̃; also διψέω (Archil.) and διψώω (Tryph.); with δίψησις (Ath. 1, 10b; doubtful) and διψητικός (Arist.). - One cites also forms with διφ-, δίφας `a kind of snake' (Artemid. 2,13), δίφατον and δίβαν ὄφιν. Κρῆτες H. (s. διφάω).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: With διψά̄ων, διψῆν compare πεινά̄ων, πεινῆν; the forms διψά̄ων, πεινά̄ων might be (Aeolic?) analogical formations after the normal epic ending -ά̄ων; διψῆν and πεινῆν are unexplained (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 21 and 362, Leroy Sprachgesch. und Wortbed. 288f.; improbable on διψῆν, πεινῆν K. Meister HK 89 [cf. Fraenkel Mélanges Boisacq 1, 376f.]). These formations show, that they are not denominatives ; rather δίψᾰ, δίψη and πείνη, πεῖνα are postverbal (Schwyzer 476, Chantraine l. c.). Cf. Lasso de la Vega Emerita 22, 88f.; 96f. Meillet speaks of it BSL 28 (1927) 125 (unclear to me). - The final of δίπ-σα can hardly be IE. So prob. a Pre-Greek word. See the variants with φ and β (Fur. 326).

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δίψᾰ
20 σπεῖρα

σπεῖρα

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `twist, for instance of a snake, of a network, spiral', des. of everal wound or cicular objetcs, e.g. `rope, belt, bead, round base of a pillar' (Ion. poet., also hell. a. late prose; v.l. ζ 269); also as military term = Lat. manipulus (hell.; on the explanation [prop. `bundle'] Debrunner IF 48, 244), later = cohors (inscr. a. pap., Act. Ap. a.o.).

Compounds: Some compp., e.g. σπειρο-κέφαλον n. `base and capital of a column', ὑπό-σπειρον n. "what lies under the round base", `square slab, πλίνθος' (inscr.).

Derivatives: 1. σπειρ-ίον n. `little column base' (Hero); 2. - ικός `belonging to a σ.' (Hero); 3. - ίτης (sc. λίθος) `stone for a column base' (inscr. Didyma; Redard 64 w. n. 26, with other interpretation); 4. - αία f. `privet' (Thphr.; from the form of the inflorescence); 5. - ηδόν `in convolutions, in a circle' (Opp., AP). 6. denom. verb σπειρ-άομαι, also w. περι- a. o., `to convolve' (hell. a. late), older συ-σπειράομαι `to wind, to pull together' (Pl., X., Arist. a. o.), also act. συ-, περι-σπειράω `to wind, to pull together' (hell. pap., D.S. a.o.); from this σπείρ-ᾱμα, Ion. - ημα n. `twist, for instance of a snake, band etc.' (A., Arist., Nic. a.o.; also enlarged from σπεῖρα? Chantraine Form. 184). 7. Also ( συ-) σπειρόομαι `to wind (together)' (Hp., Thphr.), act. aor. σπειρῶσαι `to swathe' (Call.; from σπεῖρον?).

Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [991] * sper- `turn, wind'

Etymology: Like πεῖρα, στεῖρα, μοῖρα feminine ια-derivation; whether first from a noun or verb, cannot be decided (cf. Schwyzer 474, Chantraine Form. 98 f.). Finally in any case from the same verb `wind, twine', which is seen in σπάρτον, σπεῖρον and σπάργανον(?). The primary verb was replaced partly by the secondary σπειράομαι, σπαργανόω, partly by other verbs like εἰλέω, εἰλύω.

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Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπεῖρα

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The Snake Pit — Infobox Film name = The Snake Pit imdb id = 0040806 writer = Millen Brand Arthur Laurents (uncredited) Frank Partos Mary Jane Ward (novel) producer = Robert Bassler Anatole Litvak Darryl F. Zanuck (executive producer)| starring = Olivia de… … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с греческого на английский

the snake

См. также в других словарях:

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с греческого на английский

the snake

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: